Zero liquid discharge systems are used to eliminate dissolved solids from the wastewater leading to zero discharge of liquid into the environment. These systems carry out processes, such as pretreatment of water, wherein the wastewater is treated chemically or biologically to eliminate the hazardous chemicals present in it. After the pretreatment process, the wastewater undergoes membrane filtration processes, such as reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration, among others for its reusability. The reject obtained from the filtration of wastewater is processed in evaporators to disperse the liquid for zero discharge, while the solid waste, which is left behind is crystallized and disposed of in the landfills.

Visionary leaders are the leading market players in terms of new developments such as product launches, innovative technologies, and the adoption of growth strategies. These players have a broad product offering that caters to most of the regions globally. Visionary leaders primarily focus on acquiring the leading market position through their strong financial capabilities and their well-established brand equity.

Dynamic Differentiators are established players with very strong business strategies. However, they have a weaker product portfolio compared to the visionary leaders. They generally focus only on a specific type of technology related to the product.

Innovators in the competitive leadership mapping are vendors that have demonstrated substantial product innovations as compared to their competitors. The companies have focused on product portfolios. However, they do not have very strong growth strategies for their overall business, when compared with the visionary leaders.

Emerging companies have niche product and service offerings. Their business strategies are not as strong as that of the established vendors. The emerging vendors include the new entrants in the market, emerging in terms of product portfolio and geographic reach, and require time to gain significant traction in the market.